Ideal Gas Equation (PV = nRT = NkBT)

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PV = nRT = NkBT

What each symbol means

SymbolWhat it stands for
NTotal number of molecules
PPressure of gas (Pa)
RUniversal gas constant = 8.314 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹
TAbsolute temperature (K)
VVolume of gas (m³)
nNumber of moles (mol)
kBBoltzmann constant = 1.38 × 10⁻²³ J K⁻¹

When to use this

Valid for ideal gases (low pressure, high temperature). Real gases deviate at high P and low T. Also P = ρRT/M₀ where ρ = mass density, M₀ = molar mass in kg/mol.