Radiation pressure (normal incidence) (Perfect absorption: p = I/c; perfect reflection)

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Perfect absorption: p = I/c; perfect reflection (normal): p = 2I/c

What each symbol means

SymbolWhat it stands for
IIntensity of incident radiation (W/m²)
cSpeed of light in vacuum
pRadiation pressure (Pa)

When to use this

Normal incidence; perfect absorption vs perfect reflection; geometric optics / wave transport limit (not focused beams with structure unless specified).