Impedance of Series LCR (Z = √(R² + (X_L − X_C)²))

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Z = √(R² + (X_L − X_C)²)

What each symbol means

SymbolWhat it stands for
RResistance (Ω)
ZImpedance magnitude (Ω)
X_CCapacitive reactance (Ω)
X_LInductive reactance (Ω)

When to use this

Series LCR; same current through all elements; phasor addition of R, jX_L, −jX_C.