Finite arithmetico–geometric series sum (Sum of (linear in k) times geometric weight; use r≠1 formula or)

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Sum of (linear in k) times geometric weight; use r≠1 formula or multiply–subtract trick

What each symbol means

SymbolWhat it stands for
nNumber of terms
rCommon ratio
a,dAP parameters

When to use this

r ≠ 1; if r=1 reduces to sum of AP = n/2(2a+(n−1)d).