Abnormal molar mass from colligative measurement (Apparent molar mass from colligative property is lower than true when i>1 (dissociation))

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Apparent molar mass from colligative property is lower than true when i>1 (dissociation); higher when i<1 (association)

What each symbol means

SymbolWhat it stands for
ivan’t Hoff factor
M_obsMolar mass inferred treating i=1
M_theoryTrue formula-weight molar mass

When to use this

Compared to same colligative formula with i=1 baseline; qualitative for JEE reasoning.