Hinsberg Test (Amine Classification) (Amine + benzenesulfonyl chloride (C₆H₅SO₂Cl) → sulfonamide (distinguishes 1°/2°/3°))
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Amine + benzenesulfonyl chloride (C₆H₅SO₂Cl) → sulfonamide (distinguishes 1°/2°/3°)
What each symbol means
| Symbol | What it stands for |
|---|---|
| 1° amine | Forms N-alkylbenzenesulfonamide — soluble in NaOH (acidic NH) |
| 2° amine | Forms N,N-dialkylbenzenesulfonamide — insoluble in NaOH (no NH) |
| 3° amine | No reaction with C₆H₅SO₂Cl |
| C₆H₅SO₂Cl | Benzenesulfonyl chloride (Hinsberg reagent) |
When to use this
1° amine product has –SO₂NH–R: acidic H on N → dissolves in NaOH. 2° amine product has –SO₂NR₂: no acidic H → insoluble in NaOH. 3° amine doesn't react.