Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation (electrophilic aromatic substitution) (Arene + alkyl chloride + Lewis acid → alkylation; acyl chloride gives ketone (acylation).)
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Arene + alkyl chloride + Lewis acid → alkylation; acyl chloride gives ketone (acylation). Electrophile attacks ring; regeneration issues with alkylation.
What each symbol means
| Symbol | What it stands for |
|---|---|
| AlCl3 | Lewis acid generates R+ or acylium RCO+ equivalent |
| Product | Alkylation may rearrange carbocation; polyalkylation possible |
When to use this
Anhydrous. Strongly deactivated rings (–NO2 etc.) often fail. Acylation avoids rearrangement; cleavage of ketone product possible later.