First-Order Integrated Rate Law (ln[A] = ln[A]₀ − kt)
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ln[A] = ln[A]₀ − kt
What each symbol means
| Symbol | What it stands for |
|---|---|
| k | Rate constant (s⁻¹) |
| t | Time |
| [A] | Concentration at t |
| [A]₀ | Initial |
When to use this
First-order in A: v ∝ [A]. Half-life independent of [A]₀.