Amino acid zwitterion (internal salt) in neutral solution (+H3N-CHR-COO− (dominant near neutral pH for typical amino acids))

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+H3N-CHR-COO− (dominant near neutral pH for typical amino acids)

What each symbol means

SymbolWhat it stands for
RSide chain
ZwitterionSame molecule has + and − centers; net charge can be zero at pI

When to use this

In intermediate pH, α-carboxyl deprotonated and α-amino protonated for standard amino acids.