Resonance (Mesomeric Effect) (Delocalized π electrons; multiple valid Lewis structures = one hybrid)
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Delocalized π electrons; multiple valid Lewis structures = one hybrid
What each symbol means
| Symbol | What it stands for |
|---|---|
| hybrid | Lower energy than any single form if charge delocalized |
| canonical forms | Lewis structures differing only in π/ lone-pair placement |
When to use this
Requires conjugated π system; equivalent resonance forms add extra stabilization.